Alzheimer's disease

Alzheimer's disease is a condition characterized by the gradual deterioration of brain function, primarily affecting memory and cognitive abilities. Over time, symptoms worsen, leading to difficulties in performing daily activities such as dressing and opening doors.

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Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive neurological disorder characterized by the degeneration of brain cells, leading to memory loss and cognitive decline. Symptoms develop gradually, often beginning with difficulties in performing simple daily tasks, such as getting dressed or opening doors.

Is Alzheimer’s Disease a Normal Part of Aging?

Alzheimer’s disease is not considered a normal part of aging. It is caused by abnormalities in brain cells, including the buildup of certain proteins that disrupt brain function. These changes initially affect areas related to memory and gradually spread to other regions, ultimately leading to nerve cell death and impairment in various daily functions.

At What Age Does Alzheimer’s Disease Begin?

Symptoms typically appear after the age of 60. However, medical research shows that changes in the brain can begin 10 to 20 years before any noticeable symptoms emerge.

Symptoms of Alzheimer’s Disease

Early-stage symptoms are mostly related to memory, including:

Repeating the same questions
Difficulty recognizing familiar places
Misplacing items or forgetting whether they’ve eaten
Problems with calculations or handling money
Personality changes such as increased irritability or agitation

As the disease progresses:

Memory loss worsens, and patients may not recognize family or friends
Difficulty learning new information or recalling recent events
Trouble performing tasks that require multiple steps, such as dressing
Suspiciousness or paranoid behavior may occur

In the late stages:

Loss of communication skills and language difficulties
Dependence on others for self-care, eating, and swallowing
Weight loss, increased sleep, and loss of bowel and bladder control
Increased risk of infections such as pneumonia due to aspiration

What Should You Do If a Loved One Has Alzheimer’s Disease?

It is important to consult a specialist for an initial assessment. The doctor will evaluate the patient’s medical history, daily activities, and behavioral changes. Tests to assess memory, problem-solving, and language may be conducted. If needed, brain imaging such as MRI may be recommended.

Are Forgetfulness, Confusion, and Slowness Always Signs of Alzheimer’s?

Not necessarily. These symptoms may be linked to other conditions, such as thyroid disorders, cerebrovascular disease, brain tumors, depression, or side effects of medication. A comprehensive evaluation by a specialist is required for an accurate diagnosis. In some cases, additional tests such as cerebral angiography may be necessary.

If a Parent Has Alzheimer’s, Will the Child Develop It Too?

A combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors contributes to Alzheimer’s disease. If a parent has the condition, there is about a 50% chance the child may also develop it—potentially with earlier onset (typically between ages 30 and 60).

Is Alzheimer’s Disease Curable?

Currently, there is no cure. However, medications are available that can help slow cognitive decline and manage symptoms for a period ranging from a few months to a few years. Active involvement from family members can significantly enhance the patient’s quality of life.

Is Early Treatment Important?

Yes. Early care and treatment can help preserve brain function and slow disease progression. Collaboration between the patient, caregivers, and medical professionals is essential for planning care, managing legal and financial matters, and improving overall well-being. Intervening before significant decline occurs is crucial.