Migraine

Migraine is a common type of headache disorder, particularly prevalent among adolescents. The exact cause of migraines is not yet fully understood, but the condition often presents with severe and recurrent headaches that significantly impair daily functioning.

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Symptoms of Migraine:

• Typically affects one side of the head.
• Pain usually improves within 1–2 days but often recurs.
• Headache is throbbing and worsens with movement or physical activity.
• Often accompanied by nausea and vomiting.
• May be preceded by warning signs such as flashing lights or visual distortions.

Management and Treatment of Migraine:

Non-Pharmacological Approaches:

• Avoid known triggers such as sleep deprivation, certain foods, artificial sweeteners, alcohol, and fermented or pickled foods.
• Maintain a regular exercise routine.

Pharmacological Treatment:

• Includes preventive medications and pain-relief medications, tailored to individual patient needs.

Diagnosis of Migraine:

Migraine is typically diagnosed based on the patient’s medical history and headache patterns that align with characteristic migraine features. Physical examinations usually do not show any abnormalities responsible for the headaches. Additional investigations, such as blood tests or brain imaging, may be considered—especially when other potential causes are suspected or when headaches do not respond to medication.

Due to the recurrent and debilitating nature of migraines, patients are encouraged to consult a healthcare professional to rule out other causes and obtain a definitive diagnosis. The goal of medical management is to reduce the intensity and frequency of headaches while improving the overall quality of life.

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