Feeling Depressed, Easily Irritated, and Experiencing Restless Sleep? These Are Signs of Depression That Require Prompt Attention!

Depression is an increasingly common mental illness, but many people are unaware that it requires professional treatment from a psychiatrist. It is often misunderstood as mere "overthinking" and dismissed with comforting phrases like "don't think too much". However, such responses do little to alleviate the depressive state and may leave the person feeling even more isolated.

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Factors and Causes Leading to Depression

Depression can be triggered by various factors, including stress and life pressures such as illness, loss, disappointment, failed exams, heartbreak, infidelity, and more. However, it is also possible for individuals to develop depression without any apparent external trigger. Due to the intensity of depressive symptoms, which can lead to changes in brain chemistry (neurotransmitters), individuals experiencing these symptoms should seek treatment, primarily focusing on antidepressant medication.

Warning Signs of Depression

If the following symptoms persist for more than two weeks, it is advisable to consult a doctor:

Depression is not merely a result of “difficulty adjusting” to stress. If that were the case, the depressive state would gradually diminish over time. When someone experiences continuous symptoms for more than two weeks, leading to impaired functioning in daily life and relationships, it becomes important to consider a diagnosis of “depression” and seek medical attention. Symptoms can be assessed as follows:

• Mood:
• Lack of joy, loss of interest in activities
• Feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and despair
• Irritability, easily upset, sensitive to words
• Thinking:
• Difficulty concentrating, reduced memory
• Negative thinking, inability to see positive qualities in oneself
• Feelings of guilt (unreasonably) and worthlessness
• Thoughts of self-harm or not wanting to continue living
• Physical Symptoms:
• Fatigue, lack of energy, sluggishness
• Headaches, muscle pain
• Difficulty sleeping, restless sleep, waking up during the night (insomnia)
• Loss of interest in previously enjoyed activities, lack of enthusiasm

These are general symptoms of depression, and a proper diagnosis should be made by a medical professional. If you or someone you know is experiencing these symptoms, it is important to seek help from a healthcare provider.

Treatment of Depression: Medication and Psychotherapy

Treatment for depression today is highly effective and often involves a combination of antidepressant medications and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). Treatment plans are tailored to the individual, depending on their response to medication and other factors.

• Medication: Doctors typically start with a low dose and gradually increase it to a therapeutic level, which takes about 4-6 weeks. If there is no improvement, a different medication may be considered. Continuous follow-up is essential for effective treatment.
• Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT): In addition to medication, psychiatrists may use CBT to help patients develop a positive outlook on themselves and the world around them. This therapy helps patients identify solutions to their problems, recognize their own potential, and make changes in their lifestyle to foster happiness and positivity.

In cases of severe depression, particularly when there is a risk of self-harm or the presence of coexisting mental health issues (e.g., anxiety, psychosis, suicidal thoughts), hospitalization may be necessary. During this time, close relatives are also involved in the care to prevent any potential harm.

Once depressive symptoms improve with medication, it is important not to stop the medication abruptly, as it can lead to relapse. The doctor will consider gradually reducing the medication to the lowest effective dose over several years until it can be safely discontinued.

Living with Someone with Depression

• Listen: Give the person space to express their feelings and emotions without judgment.
• Encourage: Invite them to join in enjoyable activities or nature walks.
• Take Care: Ensure they take their medication regularly and on time.

Seek medical advice immediately if there are signs of self-harm or suicidal thoughts.

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